Boiling
 Since ancient times, it has been know that water is directly linked to our health. Hence, various ways of water disinfection has been applied for centuries. Among the different methods used to purify and treat water, the method of boiling water is perhaps the most effective way of killing germs. Even most modernfiltering systems and technologically advanced methods of water treatment come in a poor distant second to this traditional and almost foolproof method of boiling. Boiling water requires no special equipment or training, and it is the most effective method of destroying microorganisms including disease causing bacteria, viruses, protozoans and parasites.
Even in popular processes like Portable Water Treatment (also called Point Of Use water treatment system), boiling is considered to be the primary and the most basic process employed to eliminate bacteria and other disease causing micro-organisms such as Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum, commonly found in rivers and lake water.
Boiling actually is the rapid vaporization of the liquid. This is done by increasing the temperature of the liquid above its boiling point i.e the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environmental pressure. The process of boiling takes place in three specific stages, which are nucleate, transition and film boiling. These stages generally take place from low to high heating surface temperatures respectively.
 Points To Note
An important thing that has to be kept in mind is that although water begins to boil at 212 degrees Fahrenheit, the length of time the water is boiled is just as important as its temperature. Moreover, at higher altitudes the boiling point of water drops so it has to be heated for extra time to start the boiling process. Boiling cannot remove all pollutants from water – e.g heavy metal contamination like colloidal metal pollutant and hence other purifying methods have to be employed before it is ready to be consumed. A combination of rolling boiling for one minute at standard atmospheric pressure followed by filtering with activated charcoal can however neutralize most pathogens and pollutants.
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is continually depleting with its increasing demand. Key reasons that account for the growing demand of water.